Exercise is important for puppies but too much exercise can do more harm than good. Puppies require less exercise than adult dogs and the exercise should be controlled. Puppies can have a lot of energy and may be able to keep up with you while out on a run, but this can be damaging. The stresses that forced exercise (such as running or bicycling with a leashed dog) places on a growing and immature skeletal system can result in long-term damage to the joints.
Large breed dogs can suffer from joint diseases, such as hip dysplasia, so it is recommended to not start vigorous exercise until after the growth plates are closed. Growth plates within bones allow the bones to lengthen as your puppy grows. The growth plates stay soft for a long time and are vulnerable to injury. In most breeds, the growth plates close by 12 months so wait until these dogs are at least 12-15 months old before starting more rigorous activity.
A good rule of thumb for puppies is to take your pup on short walks twice a day and let them have multiple short play sessions throughout the day with plenty of breaks in between. As your puppy gets older you can gradually increase activity, such as the leash walks. Leash walks should be on even terrain with good footing to prevent slipping. Your dog’s breed will also help determine how much exercise your puppy needs, high energy breeds such as Border Collies or German Shepherd Dogs may need more activity.
Some guidelines:
- Puppies should exercise for no more than 5 minutes for each month of age twice a day, less in larger breeds. Wait until they are 5 months old to start controlled leash walks so that your puppy is fully vaccinated.
- Walks should be no more than 20 minutes at a young age.
- Puppies should be allowed to stop and sniff and explore during walks, this is not only good for their body, but it is good for their minds as well. No more than 2 minutes of structured walking at any one time.
- If your puppy is reluctant to keep walking or tries to lay down, then discontinue the walk.
- Avoid stairs until 6 months, then limit until 9 months (no free access).
- Avoid repetitive activity.
- No jumping down.
- Keep them lean, you want a slow and steady growth.
So, remember, puppies need exercise and fun but they also need frequent breaks and controlled activity to keep their joints healthy. Always consult your veterinarian for specific guidelines for exercise and walks.
